Output formatting in C++

Formatting Cout output in C++ using iomanip.h header file:

• iomainp of standard form is “Input and Output Manipulation” header file.
• It is used to align the sentence or output on output screen.
• Standard methods are,setw(),setfill() and setprecision().

1. setw():

• This function is used to set the space on the output.
• Setw means set width.

Syntax:

             cout<<”Some sentence”<<setw(size);

2.setfill():

• This is function is used to display number of symbols with given width.

Syntax:

             cout<<”Some sentence”<<setfill(any symbol)<<setw(size);

3.setprecision()

• This fuction is used to take decimal value based on its size.

Syntax:

             cout<<”Some sentence”<< setprecision(size) << number or variable;

Example program:

1. #include<iostream.h>
   #include<conio.h>
   #include<iomanip.h>
   void main()
   {
   clrscr();
   cout<<endl;//next line
   cout<<" Display 12345 : "<<setw(5)<<1<<setw(5)<<2<<setw(5)<<3<<setw(5)<<4<<setw(5)<<5<<endl<<endl;//setw()
   cout<<setfill('*')<<setw(50)<<" Welcome to whereisstuff.com "<<setfill('*')<<setw(50);//setfill()
   cout<<"\n\n 15.78963 of two decimal value is: "<<setprecision(2)<<15.78963<<endl;// setprecision()
   getch();
   }

Output:

Note:

• endl is used to enter purpose or goto next line in the output screen(It mainly used for, when double-quotes do not use in cout function and that output of result needs to go to the next line means we give endl).
• \n – it is also used to go next line if give \n then must be within "".

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