What is Doctrine ORM?

Doctrine ORM (Object-Relational Mapper) is a powerful library for managing database operations using PHP objects instead of writing raw SQL.

Why Use Doctrine?

Installing Doctrine ORM and Migrations

composer require doctrine/doctrine-module doctrine/doctrine-orm-module doctrine/migrations

These packages include:

• DoctrineModule: Integration with Laminas (Zend).
• DoctrineORMModule: ORM functionality (entities, relations, DQL).
• Doctrine Migrations: For schema versioning.

Enable Doctrine Modules in Zend

Edit modules.config.php: (config\modules.config.php)

return [
  'Laminas\Router',
  'Laminas\Validator',
  'DoctrineModule',
  'DoctrineORMModule',
  'Application',
];

Create Migration Folder

Create a new folder under /data:

mkdir data\Migrations

Database Credentials Configuration (doctrine.global.php) (config\autoload\doctrine.global.php)

In Laminas, Doctrine database connection credentials are typically stored in a global config file called doctrine.global.php.

use Doctrine\DBAL\Driver\PDO\MySQL\Driver;

return [
  'doctrine' => [
    'connection' => [
      'orm_default' => [
        'driverClass' => Driver::class,
        'params' => [
          'host'   => '127.0.0.1',
          'port'   => '3306',
          'user'   => 'root',
          'password' => '',
          'dbname'  => 'zend',
          'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
        ],
      ],
    ],
  ],
];

Configure Doctrine Driver (Entity Mapping) (module/Application/config/module.config.php)

return [
  'doctrine' => [
    'driver' => [
      'application_entities' => [
        'class' => Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\AnnotationDriver::class,
        'cache' => 'array',
        'paths' => [__DIR__ . '/../src/Entity'],
      ],
      'orm_default' => [
        'drivers' => [
          'Application\Entity' => 'application_entities',
        ],
      ],
    ],
  ],
];

Configure Doctrine Driver (Entity Mapping) (module/Application/config/module.config.php)

return [
  'doctrine' => [
    'driver' => [
      'application_entities' => [
        'class' => Doctrine\ORM\Mapping\Driver\AnnotationDriver::class,
        'cache' => 'array',
        'paths' => [__DIR__ . '/../src/Entity'],
      ],
      'orm_default' => [
        'drivers' => [
          'Application\Entity' => 'application_entities',
        ],
      ],
    ],
  ],
];

Setup CLI for Migrations

File create cli-config.php inside project folder 

use Doctrine\Migrations\DependencyFactory;
use Doctrine\Migrations\Configuration\Migration\PhpFile;
use Doctrine\Migrations\Configuration\EntityManager\ExistingEntityManager;

require 'vendor/autoload.php';
$container = require 'config/container.php';

return DependencyFactory::fromEntityManager(
  new PhpFile('migrations.php'),
  new ExistingEntityManager($container->get(\Doctrine\ORM\EntityManager::class))
);

Define Migrations Config

File create migrations.php inside project folder 

return [
  'table_storage' => [
    'table_name' => 'doctrine_migration_versions',
  ],
  'migrations_paths' => [
    'Application\Migrations' => 'data/Migrations',
  ],
];